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Yixin (Manchu: ''I Hin'', ; 11 January 1833 – 29 May 1898), commonly known by his title Prince Gong (or Prince Kung), was an imperial prince of the Manchu Aisin Gioro clan and an important statesman of the late Qing dynasty in China. He was the sixth son of the Daoguang Emperor and a half-brother of the Xianfeng Emperor. He remained an influential figure in Chinese politics throughout the reigns of the Tongzhi and Guangxu Emperors, and served as Prince-Regent from 1861–65. Having established the Zongli Yamen – a government body in charge of foreign affairs – in 1861, Prince Gong is best remembered for advocating greater constructive engagement between the Qing Empire and the great powers of that era, as well as for his attempts to modernise China in the late 19th century. The last decades of his career were marred by his conflict with conservative elements in the Qing imperial court – particularly Empress Dowager Cixi – and ended with his death in relative disgrace. ==Early life== Yixin was born in the Manchu Aisin Gioro clan, the imperial clan of the Qing dynasty, as the sixth son of the Daoguang Emperor.〔(恭忠親王奕訢，宣宗第六子。) ''Qing Shi Gao'' vol. 221.〕 He was the third son of his mother, Imperial Noble Consort Jing, who was from the Mongol Borjigin clan.〔(孝靜成皇后，博爾濟吉特氏，刑部員外郎花良阿女。後事宣宗為靜貴人。累進靜皇貴妃。 ... 文宗即位，尊為皇考康慈皇貴太妃，居壽康宮。咸豐五年七月，太妃病篤，尊為康慈皇太后。越九日庚午，崩，年四十四。上謚，曰孝靜康慈弼天撫聖皇后，不系宣宗謚，不祔廟。葬慕陵東，曰慕東陵。 ... 子三：奕綱、奕繼、奕訢。女一，下嫁景壽。) ''Qing Shi Gao'' vol. 214.〕 He studied in the imperial library and practised martial arts with his fourth brother, Yizhu. He created 28 ''qiang'' (spear) movements and 18 ''dao'' (sword) movements, which were respectively named "Lihua Xieli" (棣華協力) and "Bao'e Xuanwei" (寶鍔宣威) by his father. His father also gave him a White Rainbow Sword (白虹刀) as a gift.〔(與文宗同在書房，肄武事，共制槍法二十八勢、刀法十八勢，宣宗賜以名，槍曰「棣華協力」，刀曰「寶鍔宣威」，並以白虹刀賜奕訢。) ''Qing Shi Gao'' vol. 221.〕 Yixin was mentored by Zhuo Bingtian (卓秉恬) and Jia Zhen (賈楨), two eminent scholar-officials who obtained the position of ''jinshi'' (進士; successful candidate) in the imperial examination in 1802 and 1826 respectively.〔''Qing Shi Liezhuan'' vol. 40.〕〔(賈楨，字筠堂，山東黃縣人。 ... 十六年，入直上書房，授皇六子讀。) ''Qing Shi Gao'' vol. 390.〕 In 1850, when the Daoguang Emperor became critically ill, he summoned Zaiquan (載銓), Zaiyuan, Duanhua, Sengge Rinchen, Mujangga, He Rulin (何汝霖), Chen Fu'en (陳孚恩) and Ji Zhichang (季芝昌) to Shende Hall (慎德堂) in the Old Summer Palace, where he revealed to them a secret edict he wrote previously. According to the edict, the Fourth Prince, Yizhu, would become the new emperor while Yixin, the Sixth Prince, would be made a ''qinwang'' (Prince of the First Rank). He died on the same day.〔(丙午，上不豫。丁未，上疾大漸。召宗人府宗令載銓，御前大臣載垣、端華、僧格林沁，軍機大臣穆彰阿、賽尚阿、何汝霖、陳孚恩、季芝昌，總管內務府大臣文慶公啟鐍匣，宣示御書「皇四子立為皇太子」。是日，上崩於圓明園慎德堂苫次。硃諭「封皇六子奕訢為親王」。) ''Qing Shi Gao'' vol. 19.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Prince Gong」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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